Hip-Hop as a Cultural Movement Essay -- Hip-Hop Culture

Hip-Hop is a cultural movement that emerged from the dilapidated South Bronx, New York in the early 1970’s. The area’s mostly African American and Puerto Rican residents originated this uniquely American musical genre and culture that over the past four decades has developed into a global sensation impacting the formation of youth culture around the world. The South Bronx was a whirlpool of political, social, and economic upheaval in the years leading up to the inception of Hip-Hop. The early part of the 1970’s found many African American and Hispanic communities desperately seeking relief from the poverty, drug, and crime epidemics engulfing the gang dominated neighborhoods. Hip-Hop proved to be successful as both a creative outlet for expressing the struggles of life amidst the prevailing crime and violence as well as an enjoyable and cheap form of recreation. The longevity of Hip-Hop as a cultural movement can most directly be attributed to its humble roots. For multiple generations of young people, Hip-Hop has directly reflected the political, economic, and social realities of their lives. Widely regarded as the â€Å"father† of the Hip-Hop, Afrika Bambaataa named the cultural movement and defined its four fundamental elements, which consisted of disc jockeying, break dancing, graffiti art, and rapping. Dating back to its establishment Hip-Hop has always been a cultural movement. Defined by far more then just a style of music, Hip-Hop influences fashion, vernacular, philosophy, and the aesthetic sensibility of a large portion of the youth population (Homolka 2010). Despite having absolutely nothing to do with the four elements of Hip-Hop as defined by Afrika Bambaataa, the most influential person in the creati... ...olka, Petr Bc., and Jeffrey Alan Vanderziel. â€Å"Black or White: Commercial Rap Music and Authenticity.† Masaryk University Faculty of Arts, Department of English and American Studies. (2010): 7-21. Web. Jonnes, Jill. â€Å"South Bronx rising: the rise, fall, and resurrection of an American city.† New York: Fordham University Press. (1986). LaBoskey, Sara. â€Å"Getting off: Portrayals of Masculinity in Hip Hop Dance in Film.† Dance Research Journal. 33.2 (2001). 112-120. Price, Emmett III. â€Å"Hip Hop Culture†. Santa Barbara. (2006). Rhodes, Henry A. â€Å"The Evolution of Rap Music in the United States.† Yale New Haven Teachers Institute. (2003) Samuels, David. â€Å"The Rap on Rap: the Black Music that Isn’t Either.† The New Republic. (November 11, 1991). Simpson, Janice C., â€Å"Time.† â€Å"Yo! Rap Gets on the Map; Led by groups like Public Enemy.† (February 5, 1990).

History and Chronological Order

Gunfire and Brickbats: The Great Railway Strikes of 1877 In this article Gunfire and Brickbats, Gerald G. Eggent shows the significant history of the railroad strike and went through the workers and company owners. The main reason of this article was to show the conflicts and resolution of the strike that occurred at the time. Also the article show’s how the strike made many suffers economically and how the country suffered. Many readers do not understand what they read but this article will be very difficult to forget.The article’s thesis is on why and how the workers lead to the strike and also what they had to endure during the process of the strike. There were very terrifying violence’s that occurred at the strike. It shows how stubborn the workers were that they didn’t give up as easy, but it also explains on how little powers the workers had compared to the company owners. This strike was very popular and had spread everywhere in the country, includi ng westward. This also shows how immigrants affected this strike. Like labor workers and the Chinese workers were targeted to do so.As well it was a concern to see that the government didn’t really care anymore. Eventually the strikes did lose to the poor imbalance but they did change the views of workers. After the strike the government helped both labor and capital. This article contributes my understanding of the historical period on the strike of 1877. After reading this article, I gained more knowledge and more descriptive events of the timeline. For example, how badly people needed jobs and the struggle they were going through. Articles like these are really the ones who teach everyone more precisely.In addition, this article was a perfect time to been given out, because this follow’s the timeline of the reading. This article has many strengths and weaknesses. The weaknesses are very weak, in other words weren’t that bad. One weakness was that the writing was too formal and hard to understand certain statements. Strength was the chronological order, and how everything was given out was just amazing. All the writing in this article was in control and it backed everything up. In conclusion, Gunfire and Brickbats was an odd and wonderful strike.

Family Hierarchy Of East Asian Societies - 1626 Words

In East Asian societies, family hierarchy has been a practice used to regulate one’s self interest as well as the interests of others. However, if everyone in the family thought of their own self interests, the family will deal with conflict and struggle. Similarly, processing order in a family relates to having order in a government. According to Xunzi, humans need proper order, and that only humans can create their own order. Confucian practice considers proper order as the basis of human fruition. Yet, if not handled correctly, proper order may collapse. The reason for the belief in proper order is to succeed in moral and human fruition, and for government elites to live up to their moral principles; however, due to the reality of conflict, corruption, probabilities, and paradoxes of rationality, proper order may be seen as fragile. In the interest to create the preconditions of proper order, one will have to consider coercive minimization, merit maximization, bureaucratic fiscal minimalism, beneficent hierarchy, and co-participation, which will help to preserve the Confucian practice relating government to human interests. Proper order is necessary for government and families since it helps to value the self interests of individuals and affects the basis of human accomplishment. Xunzi believed in law rather than humaneness or righteousness (Yao, 71). However, he believed that the state should consider the interests of the people. 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